Individuals exposed to PFAS-containing AFFF may face an elevated risk of serious medical conditions. Reported injuries and illnesses linked to exposure include kidney cancer, chronic kidney disease, acute kidney failure, testicular cancer, bladder cancer, pancreatic cancer, prostate cancer, leukemia, lymphoma, and infertility. Firefighters—both civilian and military—used PFAS-based foam for decades, frequently during repeated training exercises, often without warnings regarding potential long-term health consequences. Because PFAS compounds persist in the body and environment, concerns continue to grow regarding their cumulative impact on public health and the potential risks faced by those with occupational or environmental exposure.